Dogs and cats carry more than 30 pathogens
Rabies vaccination does not guarantee complete safety of your pet, as dogs and cats carry more than 30 types of bacteria that cause dangerous infections, among which are Staphylococcus aureus MRSA. Delayed after being bitten by a visit to the emergency room is fraught with abscess, osteomyelitis, and even sepsis with lethal outcome.
Modern dog appeared about 15 thousand years ago in territory of modern China as a result of domestication of the wolf. Cats began to share their warmth and purrs with people about 9.5 thousand years ago in Cyprus, ruthlessly exterminating rats and mice, carriers of dangerous infections and just ruiners of the economy.
But even the most devoted and the most well-groomed pet can give its owner a nasty surprise.
Richard Hilaire from the University of South Florida and his colleagues have described more than 30 kinds of various infections that can keep Pets.
Despite the ever-increasing number of different exotic and unusual Pets just like crocodiles, goannas, rats and mice, the main volume among bitten and scratched still be owners of cats and dogs. This is approximately 1% of all cases obrasheniya the emergency room. Only in Moscow for a year “victims” like a stray and domestic dogs are about 30 thousand people, which amounts to 80% of all cases of animal attacks on humans (except, of course, attack the people themselves on people).
Feature of dog bites — the lacerations, often accompanied by fractures of bones, if we are talking about children. Given the strength of the jaws and aggression, the top three in this group — pit bulls, Rottweilers and German shepherds.
According to the data published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases, recorded through the bites of infectious agents can be much more dangerous than the trauma itself.
After 8 hours on the wounds without appropriate treatment, there are characteristic features of bacterial infection. More than 20% of all cases with timely disinfection are accompanied by severe inflammatory reaction. Of course, much here depends on what the pathogen into the wound. Most often is a “cocktail” of inhabitants of the oral cavity of animal and human skin, the latter due to its “customary” for our immune systems can be even more dangerous, “foreign” germs.
Of a characteristic “dog” infections the most dangerous Capnocytophaga canimorsus, alcoholics and patients with immunodeficiencies can cause even sepsis. About 60% of the severe cases of infection associated with dog bites, 10% is just too close contact. The transmission was fairly simple licks. The price of such loving rather big — 30% of septic lesions Capnocytophaga canimorsus a fatal outcome.
From other pathogens, the most affected are the hands: joint capsules and muscles of the vagina contribute to the spread of infection in developing these incubators. In addition, the bites are often complicated by damage to the nerves and blood vessels.
Long and sharp claws and teeth of cats cause puncture wounds, even more dangerous — this “flaw” is almost impossible to handle.
This causes continuous inflammation of the soft tissues, deep abscesses, spreading under the skin, and even osteomyelitis, accompanied by a “softening” of the bones. If in the case of dog bites are affected the hands, the majority of complications after cat bites are due to an area of the face and neck.
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The cats also have their typical asshole — Pasteurella multocida, which is also passed as bites, and scenes of tenderness. For this reason, persons with immunodeficiencies should refrain from close contact with animals. Risk factors include AIDS, regular use of steroid drugs after organ transplantation or due to chronic inflammation, pregnancy, alcoholism and other factors. Members of this family of bacteria cause pneumonia, meningitis, arthritis. In severe cases the infection spreads throughout the body, leading to septic lesions of all organs.
But the greatest danger, according to the authors, is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which now are passed from people to animals and Vice versa.
Originally appeared as nosocomial infection, bacteria MRSA has increasingly moved outside of hospitals. Such uncontrolled distribution is complicated by their absolute resistance to even the most modern antibiotics beta-lactam stimulants (penicillin, cephalosporin, methicillin). Besides, there are reports of strains resistant to other classes of antibacterial drugs.
MRSA is a clear example of the price of antibiotics, so widespread in the developed world. Although this “superbag” so far found only in the US and Europe, it is possible that soon he will get to Russia, may be with Pets.
The ideal way of solving the problem of bacterial seeding, and even better — genetic analysis of the contents of each bite wounds with susceptibility to various antibiotics. In such case, you can assign the appropriate medications to ensure the absence of complications. However, given that the Russian patient “remarkable tolerance” and most owners are simply not reported the bites, doctors have to deal with the most neglected cases.
